Figure 3From: Application of the duality in the finite element analysis of shell: self-dual metis planar shell elements Mixed and self-dual planar shell element. (a) Metis mixed planar shell element. This element is self-dual because its bending and stretching effect are represented by dual models of Figure 1a,c. (b) Self-dual metis mixed planar shell element (HYTCOQ). The nodal forces M ˜ n K ˜ n Z ˜ are replaced by the nodal displacement generalized one ϕ n < w > w .Back to article page